Which act required Native American tribes to relocate to territories west of the Mississippi?

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 is the legislation that required Native American tribes to relocate to territories west of the Mississippi River. This act was signed into law by President Andrew Jackson and aimed to open up lands in the southeastern United States for settlement by American farmers and settlers by forcibly removing Native American tribes from their ancestral lands.

Under this act, tribes such as the Cherokee, Creek, Seminole, Chickasaw, and Choctaw faced removal from their homes to designated Indian Territory, which is present-day Oklahoma. The implementation of this law led to significant suffering and displacement for many Native Americans, culminating in the infamous Trail of Tears, where thousands endured grueling journeys and harsh conditions, resulting in the loss of many lives.

While the Indian Appropriations Act, also a significant piece of legislation in Native American policy, primarily dealt with the allocation of funds for the management and support of Native American tribes, it did not mandate relocation. Seward's Folly refers to the purchase of Alaska and does not pertain to Native American relocation. The term Trail of Tears Act is not an official name for any act; rather, it refers to the tragic consequences of the Indian Removal Act.