Which 1920s cultural movement celebrated African American cultural and artistic expression?

The Harlem Renaissance was a vibrant cultural movement that emerged in the 1920s, primarily centered in Harlem, New York. This period marked a flourishing of African American art, music, literature, and intellectualism, fundamentally transforming how African American culture was perceived both within the United States and beyond.

During the Harlem Renaissance, numerous African American artists, writers, musicians, and thinkers came to the forefront, producing significant works that explored the complexities of black identity, social justice, and the African American experience. Figures such as Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, Duke Ellington, and Louis Armstrong were pivotal in creating a rich tapestry of artistic achievement that celebrated black cultural heritage.

This movement laid the groundwork for future generations of African American artists and thinkers, influencing various aspects of American culture and society. Its significance extends beyond just the arts; it challenged racial stereotypes and championed a greater awareness and appreciation for African American contributions to the cultural fabric of the nation.

The other choices relate to different aspects of African American history and culture but do not encapsulate the specific cultural and artistic celebration of the Harlem Renaissance. The Cotton Club was a famous nightclub that showcased black talent but largely catered to white audiences; the Civil Rights Movement occurred later and focused on