What was the primary outcome of the American Revolution?

The primary outcome of the American Revolution was the creation of an independent United States. This momentous event marked the thirteen colonies' successful struggle against British rule, leading to the establishment of a sovereign nation that could govern itself without external constraint. Following the Revolution, the Declaration of Independence laid the groundwork for the principles of democracy, individual rights, and self-determination that became essential to American identity and governance.

The Revolution not only led to independence but also inspired other revolutionary movements around the world, showcasing the potential for colonies to assert their rights against imperial rule. The establishment of a new government based on Enlightenment principles was also a significant outcome, though it was a part of the broader achievement of independence.

The other options do not reflect the primary outcome of the American Revolution. For instance, the establishment of British colonies was antithetical to what the Revolution sought to achieve. Similarly, while there were international ramifications and alliances formed as a result of the war, such as alliances with France, the primary goal of the Revolution was not to forge new international ties but to gain independence. Lastly, although Enlightenment ideas influenced the founding principles of the United States, they were aimed at rejecting monarchy rather than investing those ideas back into a monarchical system.